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Hugo Award for Best Fan Writer
The Hugo Award for Best Fan Writer is the Hugo Award given each year for writers of works related to science fiction or fantasy which appeared in low- or non-paying publications such as semiprozines or fanzines or in generally available electronic media during the previous calendar year. There is no restriction that the writer is not also a professional author, and several such authors have won the award for their non-paying works. The award was first presented in 1967 and has been awarded annually.
During the 53 regular and retro nomination years, 84 writers have been nominated; 19 of these have won, including ties. David Langford has received the most number of awards, with 21 wins out of 31 nominations. He was nominated every year from 1979 through 2009, and won 19 times in a row from 1989 through 2007. The other writers to win more than once are Richard E. Geis, with seven wins out of sixteen nominations; Mike Glyer, with three wins out of twenty-three nominations; Susan Wood Glicksohn, with three of eight; Harry Warner, Jr., with two out of seven; Wilson Tucker, with two out of five; and Bob Shaw, who won both times he was nominated. The writers with the most nominations without winning are Evelyn C. Leeper, who was nominated twelve times in a row from 1990 through 2001, and Steven H Silver, whose twelve nominations span 2000-2013.
==History==
The Hugo Awards are presented every year by the World Science Fiction Society for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year. The award is named after Hugo Gernsback, the founder of the pioneering science fiction magazine ''Amazing Stories'', and was once officially known as the Science Fiction Achievement Award.〔 The award has been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".〔〔 In addition to the regular Hugo awards, beginning in 1996 Retrospective Hugo Awards, or "Retro Hugos", have been available to be awarded for years 50, 75, or 100 years prior in which no awards were given.〔 To date, Retro Hugo awards have been awarded for 1939, 1946, 1951, and 1954, and the fan writer award has been given each time.〔
Hugo Award nominees and winners are chosen by supporting or attending members of the annual World Science Fiction Convention, or Worldcon, and the presentation evening constitutes its central event. The selection process is defined in the World Science Fiction Society Constitution as instant-runoff voting with five nominees, except in the case of a tie. These five works on the ballot are those most-nominated by members that year, with no limit on the number of works that can be nominated.〔 Initial nominations are made by members in January through March, while voting on the ballot of five nominations is performed roughly in April through July, subject to change depending on when that year's Worldcon is held.〔 Worldcons are generally held near Labor Day, and in a different city around the world each year.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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